The correct answer is B. new taxes placed on the clergy
The confrontation began when the king Philip IV tried to tax the French clergy in a move towards the expansion of the monarchical power over the ecclesial power. This led to a long series of conflicts between the ecclesiastical lords and the royal officials for the exercise of all kinds of rights over men and lands; conflicts that, in general, were resolved in favor of royal jurisdiction, despite the protests of the bishops and the Pope. The defeat of the Pope Boniface VIII by the French king was the ultimate failure of the thesis of the Papacy's universal dominion, which paved the way for the rise of absolute monarchy in Europe.
I think it's B. New taxes placed on the clergy. Both individuals didn't want the other controlling them. But Philip IV of France taxed the clergy anyways?
