Increasing evidence demonstrated that Particulate Matter (PM2.5) could cross the placenta and fatal blood-brain barrier, causing neurotoxicity of embryonic development.
Increasing evidence demonstrated that Particulate Matter (PM2.5) could cross the placenta and fatal blood-brain barrier, causing neurotoxicity of embryonic development.
The retina, an embryologic extension of the central nervous system, is extremely sensitive and vulnerable to environmental insults. The adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure on the retina during embryonic neurodevelopment are still largely unknown.
Our goal was to investigate the effect of PM2.5 on human retinal development, which was recapitulated by human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived retinal organoids (hEROs).
In the present study, using the hEROs as the model, the influences and the mechanisms of PM2.5 on the developing retina were analyzed. It demonstrated that the formation rate of the hERO-derived neural retina (NR) was affected by PM2.5 in a concentration dosage-dependent manner.
The areas of hEROs and the thickness of hERO-NRs were significantly reduced after PM2.5 exposure at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml, which was due to the decrease of proliferation and the increase of apoptosis.
Although we did not spot significant effects on retinal differentiation, PM2.5 exposure did lead to hERO-NR cell disarranging and structural disorder, especially retinal ganglion cell dislocation.
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