Question

This is percent of change

Answer 1

15 --> 18 is a percentage of 18/15*100 which is 120, so it's a 20% increase. Do the same for the rest:
100 to 140 is a 40% increase
"$15.60 to 18 yards" that doesn't make sense
125 to 87.5 is a 30% decrease
1.6 to 0.95 is a 40.625% decrease.
132 to 125.4 is a 5% decrease.

For the working, you do (first number/second number)*100 and then work out what it's gone up or down by. If it's more than 100, do that number -100, if it's less than 100 do 100-that number.