Answer:
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect only bacteria and do not infect mammalian or plant cells. Phages are ubiquitous in the environment. Phages or bacteriophages were chosen as a model system for their simplicity, as they only contained protein-coated nucleic acid. Alfred D. Hershey and Martha Chase (who were part of the bacteriophage group) in 1952 studying the infection of the bacterium Escherichia coli by the T2 phage show that the information definitely resides in the DNA. They used phage with either [32P] -labeled DNA or [35S] -labeled proteins to infect the bacteria. Immediately afterwards, they centrifuged the sample so that the infected bacteria remain in the pellet and the virus capsids (proteins) remain in the supernatant. [35S] is found in the supernatant, whereas [32P] is found in bacteria. After one cycle of infection, it was observed that when phage labeled in the [35S] proteins were used, only 1% of the radioactivity was incorporated into the progeny. But when phages were [32P] labeled, more than 30% of the radioactivity was in the progeny. They showed directly that what is transmitted from one progeny to another is the DNA and not the proteins, despite having first "diluted" in a bacterium.
Explanation:
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria in a specific way. Bacteriophages, like other known viruses, are found in an intermediate zone between living organisms and inert matter. Bacteriophages bind to the host pathogenic bacterium, introduce their genetic material, replicate inside it and destroy it. Hersey, along with his assistant Martha Chase, used phages because they knew that T2 phages were made up of 50% proteins and 50% nucleic acids and that phages entered bacteria and reproduced. As the progeny carried the same infection traits, the genetic material of this had to be transmitted to the offspring, but the mechanism was unknown. These scientists carried out an experimental work with the T2 virus, a bacteriophage that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli, which it reproduces by attaching itself to the outer wall of the bacterium, injecting its DNA into it where it replicates and directs the synthesis of the phage's own proteins. Phage DNA is encapsulated within proteins and produces phages, which lyse or disrupt the cell and release phage from progeny. They infected a culture of bacteria with radioactively labeled phages: the protein coat with sulfur (35S) and its DNA with phosphorus (32P). After infection, they separated the phages from the bacteria by violent shaking using a mixer (hence the name of the experiment). By centrifugation the much smaller phages remained in the supernatant and the much larger bacteria in the pellet. 85% of the radioactivity corresponding to DNA appeared in the pellet and 82% of the protein in the supernatant. This result supported the idea that DNA was the only component of the bacteriophage that penetrated the interior of the bacteria and, having the ability to form new phages, constituted the genetic material.
Because in that way we keep thinking about them. How can you forget something when you're thinking about it?!
Yes because sucrose is sugar and it is transfered so we can eat it
Answer:
all organism evolved on earth, and all are genetically related to one another. Species living under unusual conditions might defer more than others, though. We might also predict that the more similar the percentages of naturally occurring elements are in two species, the more closely related those two species are.
Explanation:
this is what i am assuming the answer could be :)
Many physical disorders that occur in humans are attributed to the styles of living and general eating habits. Conditions such as diabetes, depression, dymentia and even some cancers are led by bad eating habits. A friend once asked me: Now that I do not want to become obesse but want to be muscular, what will I do since I have to gain mass but I don't want to overfeed? My answer was so simple. EXERCISE
Exercise can be in many forms. The most common modes of exercise are gym and athletics. If you don't do regular exercise, your body does not find a chance to get rid of the many wastes produced by different metabolic processes. Some of these products are toxic and they lead to bad effects in the body. The effect is getting lifestyle diseases.
Exercise plays a key role in boosting your memory. During and after exercise, blood becomes more oxygenated and the supply of oxygenated blood to the brain is increased. This ensures there is renewed strength in the brain parts e.g. hypothalamous and hence boosting thinking ability.
We can not overlook the fact that exercise is fun. When exercising, you are happy and happiness makes you stay healthy.
