Answer: There are many natural and human developed factors which affect the population distribution.
Explanation:
Natural factors:
Landforms: Plains are the most crowded places of survival of human population as they provide suitable land area for survival. The mountains and deserts are not preferred because the landforms are not suitable for survival.
Climatic conditions: Majority of people prefer to stay in areas with moderate climatic conditions.
Government policies: Those areas where government policies restrict the migration and trade of people are sparsely populated areas.
Hazard prone areas: Places where chances of oceanic tides, thunderstorms, volcanic eruptions are prominent are least occupied areas.
Main cause of population growth in urban areas are as follows:
1. Availability of food, shelter, medical, and literacy.
2. Availability of recreational areas, picnic spots, and other places.
3. Availability of occupational opportunities and chances of increase in income growth are prominent in urban areas as compared to rural areas.
This is of course a very complex question that does not have a definitive answer, but 1850s would be a good decade to start counting as "Modern". This was a decade of the telegraph and Darwin's The Origin of Species.
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The correct answer is D) Local leaders used bribery to gain power to challenge the throne.
A series of weak emperors affected the Han dynasty in that local leaders used bribery to gain power to challenge the throne.
However, we have to consider that the collapse of the Hang Dynasty in ancient China was the combination of several factors, not just one.
Of course, weak and bad rulers did not have the leadership and vision to maintain the privileged economic and political situation that inherited. Bu also corruption and bribes. There was also the empress's influence in decisions and the eunuchs that lived in the court that considered that they were too young to be the emperors. And of course, let's not forget the importance and consequences of the Yellow Turban Revolt, a peasant rebellion in the year 184.