Interphase: Chromosomes duplicate, and the copies remain attached to each other.
Prophase: In the nucleus, chromosomes condense and become visible. Spindle fibers begin to form.
Prometaphase: The nulcear membrane breaks apart, and the spindle starts to interact with the chromosomes.
Metaphase: The copied chromosomes align in the middle of the spindle.
Anaphase: Chromosomes separate into two genetically identical groups and move to opposite ends of the spindle.
Telophase: Nuclear membranes form around each of the two sets of chromosomes, they begin to spread out, and the spindle begins to break down.
Cytokinesis: The two cells split into two daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
They have a range of important functions. Such functions include channeling or transporting molecules across the membrane.
Answer and Explanation:
Enzymes are organic catalysts which are protein in nature. There are two types of naming enzymes:
<h3>Trivial naming</h3>
This method involves giving enzymes names based on the names of the persons who discovered them. The names of such enzymes end with the suffix-in, for example, pepsin, trypsin. Some of these names have been retained to date.
Enzyme Nomenclature by Enzyme Commission
This is the modern method of naming enzymes. The suffix-ase is added to the substrate or the reaction which the enzymes catalyses. Every enzyme code consists of the letters "EC" followed by the enzyme. For example
EC 1 oxidoreductases- oxidoreduction reactions
EC 2 transferases- transfer of a functional group
EC 3 hydrolases- catalyse hydrolytic cleaving
EC 4 lyases - adding groups to double bonds. e.g., C-C,C-O
EC 5 isomerases - catalyse structural changes in a molecule
EC 6 ligases - joining of two molecules
Answer:
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. ... Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins. In translation, the instructions in mRNA are read, and tRNA brings the correct sequence of amino acids to the ribosome.
Co2 diffuses into red blood cells down their concentration gradient. Here, the co2 reacts with water in the cytoplasm of the red blood cell with the help of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase to make carbonic acid (H2CO3). The carbonic acid then dissociates into H+ and hydrogen carbonate ions. The H+ ions binds with R-groups in haemoglobin in the red blood cell to make the compound carbaminohaemoglobin. The hydrogen carbonate ions leave the red blood cell and diffuse into the blood plasma whilst chloride ions move into the red blood cell (chloride shift) to maintain electrochemical balance.
Ik it's a lot but I hope it helped. I have a biology exam tomorrow and I also need to remember this haha
