The original meaning of the word philosophy comes froms the greek roots philo meaning "Love" and sophos, or "Wisdom".
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Unfortunately, you forgot to attach the passage and the options for this question.
However, trying to help you we did some deep research and can say the following.
The treaties that settled the conflict referred to in the passage most directly change the Geopolitical structure of the middle east in the following way: "Allied Powers received territorial mandates from the League of Nations."
The League of Nations was formed after World War I in order to prevent another armed conflict. It was the precursor of the United Nations. United States President Woodrow Wilson was one of the most important supporters of the idea although, in the end, the United States decided no to be part of the League.
The reason was that European Allies did not accept the terms of Wilson's Plan. More than peace, European countries such as France and Great Britain wanted revenge and forced Germany to pay for war retributions.
The League of Nations was a forum to resolve disputes among member countries. Through its charter, member nations pledged to act collectively against any country that attacked a member country.
The US used island hopping
Economic depression make many democracies became weak and they became threatened for the communism and dictators.
The 1929 Crisis was a consequence of the great expansion of credit through money supply (issuance of money and bonds) carried out by the Federal Reserve System (a type of US Central Bank) since the early years of the 1920s. from 1929, this expansion had to be stopped by the Government, since the adjustment of accounts needed to be done. The Government then stopped expanding the money supply and began to operate a loan restriction policy. Fearing the currency's devaluation, many people and companies withdrew their reserves from banks, initiating a recessionary process.
