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dybincka [34]
3 years ago
13

Radium-226 has a half-life of 1620 years. for a 150 gram sample, how many grams will remain after 200 years?

Mathematics
1 answer:
VashaNatasha [74]3 years ago
3 0
Ah, yes

if you start with P amount of something and the half life is h units (in years) and the time elapsed is t (in years) then the amount left is A

the equation is
A=P(\frac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{h}


so
given
h=1620
P=150
t=200
so
A=150(\frac{1}{2})^\frac{200}{1620}
A=150(\frac{1}{2})^\frac{10}{81}
use your calculator
A≈137.69781917515g
about 138grams left
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Answer:

1.5

Step-by-step explanation:

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In the transmission of digital information, the probability that a bit has high, moderate, and low distortion is 0.02, 0.07, and
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Answer:

A. (Table Attached)

B. (See Step 3)

C. 0.06 (See Step 4)

D. NOT independent (See Step 5)

Step-by-step explanation:

<h3 /><h3>STEP 1:</h3>

Name the probabilities:

p₁ = 0.02,   p₂ = 0.07,   p₃ = 0.91

q₁ = 1-p₁ = 0.98 ,   q₂ = 1-p₂ = 0.93 ,   q₃ = 0.09

Let X and Y be the number of bits with high and moderate distortion out of three.

<h3>STEP 2:</h3>

A.

The function will follow multinomial distribution:

f_{XY}(x,y) = P(X=x, Y=y) = \frac{3!}{x!y!(3-x-y)!} (p_1^x)(p_2^y)(p_3^{3-x-y})

Substitute the values and make a table.

TABLE IN ATTACHMENT

<h3>STEP 3:</h3>

B.

We calculate marginal distribution by:

P (X=x)= <em>∑</em> P(X=x,Y=y)

fx(x) can be found by adding all the probabilities in each row for different value of X

For X=0 , ∑P = 0.94157441

For X=1 , ∑P = 0.057624

For X=2 , ∑P = 0.001176

For X=3 , ∑P =0.000008

<h3>STEP 4:</h3><h3>C.</h3>

The mathematic expectation E is the sum of product of each possibility with its probabiity.

E(X)=<em>∑ </em>xP(X=x)

Find E(X):

E(X)= (0*0.9415744)+(1*0.057624)+(2*0.001176)+(3*0.000008)

E(X)=0.06

<h3>STEP 5:</h3>

Condition probability states:

P(A|B)=\frac{P(A,B)}{P(B)}

It can also be written as:

f_{Y|X=1}(y)=\frac{f_{XY}(1,y)}{f_x(1)}

Where f_x(1)\\ = 0.057624

Calculate the quotient:

Y|_{x=1} = 0 ,  f_{Y|_X=1 = 0.862245

Y|_{x=1} = 1 ,  f_{Y|_X=1 = 0.132653

Y|_{x=1} = 2 ,  f_{Y|_X=1 = 0.000510

Y|_{x=1} = 3 ,  f_{Y|_X=1 = 0

Find the dependency:

f_{XY}(y)=f_X(x)f_Y(y)

We found that

f_{Y|_X=1 = 0.862245

Calculate f_Y(1) from summing the column from the table

f_Y(1)=0.17428341+0.007644+0.000084\\f_Y(1)=0.18201141

Which are not equal.

Conclusion:

X and Y are NOT Independent

7 0
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Answer:(5,3)

Step-by-step explanation:

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In short, option A will be your answer.

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Answer:

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