Sympathetic nervous system under the Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for the physiological changes you experience when startled by a loud noise.
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and is responsible for control of vital functions.
ANS possesses three divisions, they are : Sympathetic nervous system (SYNS), parasympathetic nervous system and enteric plexus. Sympathetic nervous system is responsible for flight and fight responses.
SYNS also performs such tasks as relaxing the bladder, speeding up heart rate, and dilating eye pupils.
The ganglions associated with SYNS mostly arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
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