Explanation:
The Gestapo was the secret police
The very existence of an English Enlightenment has been hotly debated by scholars. The majority of textbooks on British history make little or no mention of an English Enlightenment. Some surveys of the entire Enlightenment include England and others ignore it, although they do include coverage of such major intellectuals as Joseph Addison, Edward Gibbon, John Locke, Isaac Newton, Alexander Pope, Joshua Reynolds and Jonathan Swift.Roy Porter argues that the reasons for this neglect were the assumptions that the movement was primarily French-inspired, that it was largely a-religious or anti-clerical, and that it stood in outspoken defiance to the established order. Porter admits that, after the 1720s, England could claim thinkers to equal Diderot, Voltaire or Rousseau. However, its leading intellectuals such as Edward Gibbon, Edmund Burke and Samuel Johnson were all quite conservative and supportive of the standing order. Porter says the reason was that Enlightenment had come early to England and had succeeded so that the culture had accepted political liberalism, philosophical empiricism, and religious toleration of the sort that intellectuals on the continent had to fight for against powerful odds. Furthermore, England rejected the collectivism of the continent and emphasized the improvement of individuals as the main goal of enlightenment.
several Americans, especially Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, played a major role in bringing Enlightenment ideas to the New World and in influencing British and French thinkers. Franklin was influential for his political activism and for his advances in physics. The cultural exchange during the Age of Enlightenment ran in both directions across the Atlantic. Thinkers such as Paine, Locke and Rousseau all take Native American cultural practices as examples of natural freedom. The Americans closely followed English and Scottish political ideas, as well as some French thinkers such as Montesquieu. As deists, they were influenced by ideas of John Toland (1670–1722) and Matthew Tindal (1656–1733). During the Enlightenment there was a great emphasis upon liberty, republicanism and religious tolerance. There was no respect for monarchy or inherited political power. Deists reconciled science and religion by rejecting prophecies, miracles and Biblical theology. Leading deists included Thomas Paine in The Age of Reason and by Thomas Jefferson in his short Jefferson Bible – from which all supernatural aspects were removed.
Lincoln's proposal called for the liberation of slaves, but it also gave former Confederate governments latitude to impose temporary restrictions on the rights of freedmen.
President Lincoln put up a reconstruction plan in December that would have allowed the Confederate states to form new state governments following the taking of allegiance vows by 10% of their male population and the states' recognition of the long-term liberation of former slaves.
Lincoln's proposal was criticised by the Radical Republicans because they felt it was too forgiving of the South. Radical Republicans thought Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was too lenient because, in their eyes, the South had started the war and should be punished accordingly.
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The number of troops that the United States sent to the Vietnam War in 1968 exceeded half a million with 540,000 troops.
<h3>What was the Vietnam War?</h3>
The Vietnam War was a military conflict that began in 1955 and ended in 1975 to reunify Vietnam under a communist government.
This war pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, backed by China and the Soviet Union, against the government of South Vietnam and its main ally, the United States and other allied nations.
This was one of the cruelest wars in history due to the total deaths between 966,000 and 3,010,000 Vietnamese, 58,159 Americans, among others.
One of the reasons for the escalation of this war was the increase in troops to win the contest. In the case of the United States, which began with just 11,000 troops in 1962, by 1968 it had already sent more than half a million troops, close to 540,000.
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