Nucleotide substitutions in a gene occur at a relatively constant rate.
A nonsynonymous substitution is a nucleotide mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of a protein. Nonsynonymous substitutions differ from synonymous substitutions, which do not alter amino acid sequences and are (sometimes) silent mutations.
Answer:
It is voluntary and striated.
Explanation:
There are three types of muscle tissues: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is a tissue that is under the control of the voluntary nervous system and attached to the bones by tendons. In the microscope, striated muscle cells have a stripe-like appearance, it is for that reason that they are called striated. Moreover, both cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissues are under involuntary control.
Answer:
Option A, oxygen in the atmosphere
Explanation:
The highest level of oxygen reached during this phase of the geological cycle of earth. The oxygen level in Carboniferous period accounted for 35% as compared to 21% of oxygen in the atmosphere in present time.
Due to high oxygen content, the giant and wide varieties of terrestrial animal and plant species evolved. For example – size of insects and carwlies increased, plant became extremely giant, increase in number of tree ferns etc.
The phylogenetic tree of organisms within the animal kingdom include characteristics below:
- Ancestral protists
- Tissues
- body symmetry
- Germ layers
- Body cavity
- Porifera
- Platyhelminthes
- Nematoda
- Annelida
- Mollusca
- Arthropoa
- Echinodermata
- Chordata
<h3>What is phylogenetic tree?</h3>
A phylogenetic tree simply refers to a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species of both plants and animals based on their similarities and differences; either genetically or physically
Generally, animals; be it vertebrates or invertebrates has the few characteristics below:
- All animals are multicellular organisms
- Animals are also heterotrophic, meaning; they depend on other organisms for food or they obtain their energy by consuming energy-releasing food substances.
- Animals typically reproduce sexually.
- All animals are also made up of cells that do not have cell walls.
In conclusion, the phylogenetic tree of organisms within the animal kingdom include all characteristics mentioned above
Learn more about animal diversity:
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