Although fits best for the sentence.
The figurative language is personification.
The meaning behind this quote and use of figurative language is rich. It means that "we" (those that are speaking) suffered slowly during said draught, and time continued passing while the days blended together. By 'day after day the pitiless sun blazed down,' the narrator means that every time a day passed and the sun set, it was sad and pathetic - meaning so little. The sun is personified in order to add depth and information to the text, which allows the reader to grasp the idea and mood the author is trying to convey to the audience.
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2nd question: The main characters all feel happy for their jobs, but Jonas is more worried. They were chosen for them because they were being watched, then jobs were selected on how they act and what would be fitting. If I were assigned a job that i did not like, I wouldn't be so happy, but eventually i would get used to it. I would like a variety of jobs, throughout my life.
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