Answer:
Fictitious payee rule
Explanation:
Fictitious payee rule applies when a person cause an instrument to be issued to a person(payee) who has no valid reason to receive the payment or no interest in the instrument, this ensure forgery of the payee's name will then be effective to pass the instrument to the transferees later as we can see in the case of Maria, she included the name of her maid for the purpose of using the check for herself and not for the sake of Carolyn
In Iran the Shora-ye Negahban-e Qanun-e Assassi, the Guardian Council of the Constitution, or the Guardian Council for short is given the task of approving candidates for elections in Iran.
Answer: d all of the above
Explanation: All of these problems existed, and indeed still exist to a certain degree, in the early 2000s.
Hope this helps! :)