Answer: Option A, B and D are correct.
Explanation:
ATP or adenosine triphosphate can be defined as the high energy molecules that is used by all the living organism.
This molecule is released by the combustion of carbohydrates in the presence of oxygen.
The energy is stored in the phosphate bonds and adenosine triphosphate contains 3 phosphate molecules.
Answer:
sigma subunit
Explanation:
Sigma subunit of RNA polymerase holoenzyme directs the enzyme towards the consensus sequences present upstream of the transcription start site. Completion of the initiation phase of transcription is followed by dissociation of sigma subunit from the transcription complex.
The protein NusA replaces the sigma subunit. The RNA polymerase leaves the promoter and starts the elongation
.
The difference is that emphysema and chronic bronchitis are different types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <span />
Scientific information refers to the classification, collection, dissemination, and retrieval of recorded knowledge treated both as a pure and as an applied science. The two features of a scientific information source, which may suggest that the information is not reliable are:
1. The information is based on data that are not peer-reviewed, that is, the information has not been reviewed by the experts in the field, or is not encouraged by an accord of experts in the field.
2. The references are not cited, that is, it not clear or not known that from where the information originated.
The publication about the effect of orthodontic forces on cytokine and receptor levels in gingival fluid investigates how this treatment can increase inflammation.
<h3>What are cytokines?</h3>
Cytokines are molecules of the immune system that act during different types of immune responses, especially in inflammatory pathways.
Cytokines are mainly secreted by helper T immune cells (T cells) and macrophages.
In this case, the publication above mentioned uses different cytokine biomarkers to test inflammatory responses after orthodontic treatment (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, etc).
In conclusion, the publication about the effect of orthodontic forces on cytokine and receptor levels in gingival fluid investigates how this treatment can increase inflammation.
Learn more about cytokines here:
brainly.com/question/17215490
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