The correct answer of the given question above about ancient China and India would be option C. The geography shaped the civilizations in India and China since by emerging where mountains and other natural barriers offered protection. Hope this is the answer that you are looking for.
When it came to the early 1500's, there was no separation of church and state. The king was always kept in check by the church. Although everybody in the kingdoms answered to the kings, the kings answered to God. All the rules that were put in place were done so in respect of the church's commandments, keeping in mind what God wanted the people to do.
I would say that Christopher Columbus was influenced by the travels of Marco Polo.
He was greatly inspired by his travels and wanted to become as famous as Polo was as an explorer, and eventually, he did follow in his footsteps. Polo's travels changed the European perception of the Asian world, and as you know, Columbus also wanted to go to Asia, but he ended up in America.
