Question

Determine whether the following events occur during initiation, elongation, or termination. This is regarding protein synthesis.

Answer 1

Answer:

The provided events can be classified as:

Initiation

• In prokaryotes, the Shine-Dalgarno sequence pairs with rRNA.
• In E. coli, mRNA binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit.

Elongation

• In E. coli, EF-Tu delivers an aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome
• Initiator tRNA enters the P site.
• In E. coli, EF-Tu hydrolyzes.
• Translocation occurs

Termination

• The ribosome has mRNA, an empty A site, and deacylated tRNA in the P site

Translation is the process by which polypeptide chain is synthesized based on the codon sequence of the mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid).

It is divided into three stages:

Initiation: The small and large sub-units of the ribosome get assembled around the initiation codon. It forms three sites (A, P, and E site) for interaction tRNA and mRNA.

Elongation: Specific charged-tRNA enters from A site and transfers its amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain in P site. Uncharged tRNA exit from the E site. Ribosome moves or translocates to the next  codon.

Termination: As soon as ribosome reaches the termination codon, it releases the newly synthesized polypeptide chain.