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Juliette [100K]
3 years ago
11

Identify the bones and features indicated in this radiograph of the neck

Biology
1 answer:
stealth61 [152]3 years ago
4 0
I found this radiography online, i hope it's the same:
1- <span>Spinous process
2- Atlas ( it's the first vertebra)
3- Axis </span><span>( it's the second vertebra)
4- Transverse process
5- </span><span><span>Intervertebral disc</span> (present between vertebras)
6- body of the vertebra
the occipital bone is a reference that it's the posterior side, while the mandibule indicates it's anterior.

</span>

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Explanation:

In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.

<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT

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<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

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When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.

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