A bond sale is a debt investment that is given by an investor to a particular corporate or governmental entity and is payable over a period of time at a variable or a fixed interest rate. It can affect the money supply, or the money of the country, because it encourages debtors to keep loaning from the government to finance their personal interests.
Answer:
The truth about Macaulay Duration and Modified Duration is:
d. All are true.
Explanation:
Principally, the Macaulay Duration, used mainly with immunization strategies, measures the weighted average time an investor holds a bond until the period when the present value of the bond’s cash flows equals to the initial bond amount.
On the other hand, the Modified Duration, providing a risk measure by being sensitive to interest rates, identifies the amount by which the duration changes for each percentage change in the yield and, at the same time, measures how the amount of a change in the interest rates impacts a bond's price.
Answer: B. The industry which they operate
Explanation:Different companies carry out the functions of purchasing, procurement and supply differently and these depend on how they operate. For example supply chain in a manufacturing company, it will produce items that will be stored in warehouses and other locations, making the supply chain more complex, on the other hand if it's a Service Provider company which uses a make-to-order business model, there will be no need for storing finished products, Therefore, it is clear that supply chains including procurement , purchasing and supply depend on the nature of the company.
Answer:
At par
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about Road Hazards with has 12-year bonds outstanding. The interest payments on these bonds are sent directly to each of the individual bondholders. In this case these direct payments are a clear indication that the bonds can accurately be defined as being issued at par. A par bond can be regarded as bond that is been sold at the exact face value, most mind sells at the face value of $1000, that $1000 is the face value, any par bond usually give an investor a yield which matches the amount of coupon that is associated to the bond.
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Answer:
C. A country can specialize in producing that for which it has a comparative advantage and then trade for other needed goods and services.
Explanation:
<em>Comparative advantage</em> is simply evaluating the opportunity cost of other benefits or costs, if the country is opting to choose for a specific category of goods for production purposes.
For example, let's say US can produce 20 Television (TV) sets and 50 Air Conditioners in a month. Here, the opportunity cost of producing 1 TV set is 50/20 i.e. 2.5 Air Conditioners. Similarly, the opportunity cost of producing 1 Air Conditioner (AC) is 20/50 i.e. 0.4 TV set. Hence, US should produce Air Conditioners over TV sets as per <em>Comparative Advantage</em> concept.
Take another example, let's say UK can produce 50 Television (TV) sets and 20 Air Conditioners in a month. Hence, the opportunity cost of producing 1 TV set is 20/50 i.e. 0.4 Air Conditioner. On the other hand, the opportunity cost of producing 1 AC is 50/20 i.e. 2.5 TV sets. Thus, UK should produce TV sets over AC's as per <em>Comparative Advantage </em>model.
Hence, US should export AC's to UK and import TV sets from UK to gain from specialization and trade.
<em> In this way nations can gain from specialization and trade by making use of Comparative Advantage theory</em>.
It is to be noted that <em>Absolute Advantage model </em>of Adam Smith is also good as it highlights production of that good by a country, which it can produce in large quantities with fewer resources and minimal time than any other nation in the world. But the <em>Comparative Advantage Model </em>developed by David Ricardo considers opportunity cost and is much more refined than Absolute Advantage Model.
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