Fertilization may be defined as the process of formation of zygote by the fusion of male and female gamete. Fertilization is an important event of the sexual reproduction.
The haploid stage (gametes) that fuse together and forms the diploid stage (zygote) in alternation of generation. The zygote is the individual offspring of the result of fertilization.
In case of seedless plants, after germination through the mitosis cell division haploid spore gametes are formed which fertilizes to form diploid zygote. This zygote further undergoes mitosis cell division to form sporophyte which consists of sporangia. The diploid sporocytes produce haploid spores by meiosis cell division and in this way the cycle of life continues and reverses between haploid to diploid stage.
