Answer:
<h3>Absolute monarchy by Thomas Hobbes.</h3>
Explanation:
- Thomas Hobbes strongly believed that Monarchy was the best form of government that would bring peace and harmony in a society. He believed in one supreme power who would uphold all the responsibilities of the people.
- In his famous book "Leviathan", Hobbes emphasizes on an absolute sovereign power and the establishment of a commonwealth. He believes that all forms of wars and social conflicts arise out of rival governments. Therefore, he advocates for one absolute authority that would maintain peace and harmony within the society.
- And by that, the only way to erect such a common power was to confer all their power and strength upon one man, or upon one assembly of men, that may reduce all their wills, by plurality of voices, unto one will.
The city-states of Sumer, the world's earliest civilization, developed in Mesopotamia, which is today's Iraq.
The correct answer is Operant Conditioning.
Operant Conditioning refers to the kind of learning, wherein behavior is empowered and enforced by consequences. For example, you want a child to follow what you would like him or her to do, so you add a punishment if he or she does not apply, which leaves the person no choice but to follow, because they do not want the punishment.
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