C. Synthesis of enzymes for the cell
Answer:
Three different kinds of muscles are -:
- <u>SKELETAL MUSCELES </u>
- <u>CARDIAC MUSCLES </u>
- <u>SMOOTH MUSCLES</u>
Explanation:
- <u>SKELETAL MUSCLES -: </u>There are long, cylindrical, and striated skeletal muscle cells. They are multi-nucleated, which means they have more than one nucleus. This is because from the fusion of embryonic myoblasts, they are created. Each nucleus controls the sarcoplasm's metabolic demands around it. There are high energy requirements for skeletal muscle cells, because they contain several mitochondria in order to generate adequate ATP. <u>Examples of skeletal muscles: arms and legs- </u>T<u>he muscles that belong to the arms and legs feature in pairs. Abdomen and Back- These muscles are connected to the various sets of skeletal muscles that run across the torso.</u>
- <u>CARDIAC MUSCLES -</u>: Cardiomyocytes have a short and narrow outline and are fairly rectangular. They are about 0.02 mm wide and 0.1 mm (millimetres) long, respectively. There are many sarcosomes in cardiomyocytes, which provide the required energy for contraction. Cardiomyocytes usually contain a single nucleus, unlike skeletal muscle cells. Cardiomyocytes, although they contain more sarcosomes, normally contain the same cell organelles as skeletal muscle cells.<u> example - cardiac muscle is present in heart. </u>
- <u>SMOOTH MUSCLES -:</u> Smooth muscle cells have a single central nucleus and are spindle-shaped. They range in length from 10 to 600 μm (micrometers), and are the tiniest type of muscle cell. In the expansion of organs like the kidneys , lungs, and vagina, they are elastic and therefore essential. As in cardiac and skeletal muscle, the myofibrils of smooth muscle cells are not aligned, meaning they are not striated, hence the term smooth. <u>example of smooth muscles -: Walls of blood vessels , Walls of stomach ,
Ureters , Intestines , In the aorta (tunica media layer), Iris of the eye. ,Prostate and Gastrointestinal Tract.</u>
The induced-fit model includes the change in the conformational site of the substrate and enzyme. It is done till the enzyme completely binds the substrate. This will then activates the enzyme to perform its work.
<h3>What is induced fit theory?</h3>
Induced fit theory or model suggest that the activation site of enzymes and the binding site of substrates undergo some conformational changes to fit into each other.
This binding results in activation of the enzyme and as the enzyme has a three-dimensional tertiary structure, this would help it to get fitted into the substrate.
Thus, with reference to the induced fit model tertiary structure of enzyme facilitates its function as a biological catalyst.
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Answer: More than 90% of measles infections occurs in children under 15 years old.
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