It has been challenging to develop methods for outer-membrane(OM) isolation from <em>Leptospira</em> species and other spirochetes due to their distinctive design and a lack of sensitive cytoplasmic membrane indicators.
Spirochetes have an OM and a cytoplasmic membrane, which are divided by a periplasmic space, just like enteric gram-negative bacteria.The leptospiral OM contains a significant amount of LPS, and the leptospiral surface is dominated by its polysaccharides.
LipL32, LipL36, and LipL41 are three lipoproteins from the leptospiral OM.
Since LipL32 is an immunodominant antigen during human leptospirosis, it is recognized to be the most prominent protein in the leptospiral protein profile. OmpL1 and LipL41 together offer synergistic immunoprotection. LipL41 is a surface-exposed lipoprotein.
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Answer:
Neil Shubin bases his argument that the anatomy of Tiktaalik is relevant to that of humans by discussing specific features of the anatomy of Tiktaalik that vary from typical fish anatomy and correspond to features of the human body. For example, he points out that Tiktaalik has a neck that is able to bend independently of the rest of the body, unlike fish, and like all terrestrial vertebrates, including humans. Therefore, the evolutionary history of humans can be traced to an organism similar to Tiktaalik, resulting in the concept of the "inner fish."
Explanation:
Answer: Possession of traits that aid their survival in extreme conditions.
Explanation: Because archaea that grow in extreme environments possess certain characteristics that aid in their survival in the extreme weather conditions. Those traits are studied regularly to improve other plants.
A heterogeneous mixture composes of non- uniform components, so the concrete would be the answer, because you can tell the components from one another.
Hey there,
It means that, it is absorbed back into the blood after being filtered.
Hope this helps :))
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