Answer:
External fertilization usually occurs in aquatic environments where both eggs and sperm are released into the water Most external fertilization happens during the process of spawning where one or several females release their eggs and the male(s) release sperm in the same area, at the same time.
Typically, frogs lay eggs. This process usually occurs through external fertilization, where the female releases her eggs from her body into water. Then, the male releases his sperm to fertilize them In this case, the eggs are fertilized inside the female's body before they are released.
Obligate symbiotic fungi that form associations with plants by entering their cortical cells without invading the plant cells membrane are called endomycorrhizae and include the genus Glomus. Many plants form associations called mycorrhizae with fungi that give them access to nutrients in the soil, protecting against disease and toxicities. In these associations the fungi are integrated into the physical structure of the root, where the fungi colonize the living root tissue during active plant growth.
Explanation:
Biological hazards include microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, yeasts, molds and parasites. Some of these are pathogens or may produce toxins. A pathogenic microorganism causes disease and can vary in the degree of severity
Answer:
The ability of body systems to increase their function, given the need to adapt, is known as the <u>physiologic reserve.</u>
Explanation:
The ability of body systems to increase their function if the need to adapt arises is known as a physiological reserve. Frequently, this term is used to refer to the operating limits of a particular physiological system when under stress. When this stress exceeds the ability of a particular organ or system to compensate for it, organ failure occurs. Adaptation achieves its highest efficiency when changes are generated gradually/progressively rather than abruptly. In aging, this reserve is diminished and therefore the ability of the organs to adapt to stress is lower, that is, the ability to adapt is reduced in extreme ages.
