The type of stimulus following a behavior removes something that is unpleasant is the negative reinforcer.
Stimulus is any signal. This can be in the form of touch, smell, taste, etc. This stimulus triggers the nerve cells of the body that send to signals to the brain to generate a response. For example, when one person touches a hot utensil, the touch of heat acts as a stimulus, where the brain sends response in the form of instantly removal of the hand.
Negative reinforcement is the response towards a stimuli that has not yet been received. For example, taking a medicine before any disease appears is the acts of negative reinforcement.
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Answer: the expression of certain genes is affected by temperature
Explanation:
For organisms to survive changing environmental conditions, a lot of molecular processes occur in the genes.
For the arctic fox, enzymes coded by specific genes are periodically "switched on or off" depending on the temperature.
Thus, the change in colour can be EXPLAINED by the expression of certain genes affected by temperature
The OH on the lower right of lysine and the H on the lower left of valine combine to form a molecule of water (H2O) and detach in a process known as a dehydration reaction when the two amino acids bond. The C on the right side of lysine then single bonds with the N on the left side of valine. This bond is termed a peptide bond. All the other bonds remain unchanged.
I believe it’s lactic acid fermentation! hope this helps
C maybe not sure please make sure
