Answer:
The correct answer is B. The Bill of Rights was drafted after the ratification of the Constitution in response to public pressure for more individual liberties.
Explanation:
The United States Bill of Rights is the name by which the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known. They were introduced by James Madison to the First United States Congress in 1789 as a series of articles and entered into force on December 15, 1791, when it had been ratified by three-fourths of the states. Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of the Bill of Rights.
The Bill of Rights prohibits Congress from making any law that respects an establishment of religion or prohibits its free exercise, prohibits violation of the "… right of the people to keep and bear arms…" and prohibits the federal government from depriving anyone of life, liberty or property without due process of law. In federal criminal cases, which require jury conviction for any capital or "infamous crime", it guarantees a speedy public trial with an impartial jury made up of members of the state or judicial district in which the crime occurred and prohibits double persecution. In addition, the Bill of Rights states that "the enumeration in the constitution of certain rights should not be construed as denying or curbing other people's rights" and reservations of all powers have not been granted to the federal government for citizenship or states. Most of these restrictions were later applied to states by a series of decisions applying the Fourteenth Amendment due process clause, which was ratified in 1868 after the Civil War.
Madison proposed to the Bill of Rights while the ideological conflict between Federalists and anti-Federalists, dating from 1787 to the Philadelphia Convention, threatened the general ratification of the new national constitution. He had already responded to influential opponents of the Constitution, including prominent Founding Fathers, who argued that the Constitution should not be ratified because it failed to protect the basic principles of human freedom. Bill of Rights was influenced by George Mason's Virginia Bill of Rights in 1776, the Bill of Rights of 1689, works of the Enlightenment on natural rights, and English political documents, such as the Magna Carta (1215).
The Bill of Rights plays a central role in US law and government and remains a symbol of the nation's fundamental freedoms and culture. One of fourteen original copies of the Bill of Rights is on public display at the National Archives in Washington, DC.
