The Articles of confederation was considered to be weak and ineffectual so, Constitutional convention decided to transform it.
Federalists, who were strong supporters of the constitution deliberated that incorporation of Bill of rights would stand to be a barrier which would give a vague representation of the constitution. However after great deliberations they conceded to incorporate Bill of rights which were a series of amendments and this decision was to appease the anti-federalists who recommended the inclusion of Bill of rights. Federalists supported for the strong federal Government which has the power to raise an army, impose taxes and execute laws.
Anti-federalists fought for strong state governments as they were apprehended that the constitution may carry an element of despotism which was during the British rule and hence asked for representation of states.
Finally, the founding fathers concluded that each small state has a vote and they can form the senate and big states were given two votes and they were eligible to form the lower house. Thus the final outline of the Constitution was formed.
