So we just need to plug in our values and solve

we are given v is 369 so we have

now we solve for x.
divide both sides by 20
square both sides
subtract 273 from both sides

so a temp of about 67 degrees C
To do 8 divided by two, you have use the keep change change rule, so it becomes:
8/1 times 5/2, and you just multiply out and you get:
40/2 which simplifies to
20
The final price is the cost plus the tax.
Since we know the tax and a percent, we can write this as
T = C(1+r)
T = what Graham paid = $87.45
C = cost before tax
r = tax rate expressed as a decimal = .40
Plugging in what we know
87.45 = C (1+.4)
87.45 = C(1.4)
Divide both sides by 1.4
C = $62.46