The African people that were brought in as slaves opted to stay where they were enslaved for many years. The later governments did ban the practice of slavery but very less cared about providing them with independent means of education.
Because the slaves were landless individuals, it happened to make the former slaves take agricultural lands on rent and cultivate crops in them. Thus, the former slaves later became tenant farmers.
14th amendment . Which granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former slaves—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.”