The condition that is being met is PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY. Productive efficiency refers to a situation in which production is carried out without waste. In this situation, when the average cost of production is reduce to the barest minimum, the economy will be operating on the production possibility frontier.
Answer:
A) There is a 50% chance the game ends in a tie, 10% chance you win (and therefore a 40% chance you lose).
expected value = (50% x 20) + (10% x 50) + (40% x 0) = 10 + 5 + 0 = 15
B) There is a 50-50 chance of winning and there are no ties.
expected value = (50% x 50) + (50% x 0) + = 25 + 0 = 25
C) There is an 80% chance you lose and a 10% chance you win or tie.
expected value = (10% x 20) + (10% x 50) + (80% x 0) = 2 + 5 + 0 = 7
The expected value of an event is determined by adding up all the possible outcomes multiplied by their respective value.
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Given :
Bud exchanges land with an adjusted basis of $ 22,000 and a fair market value of $ 30,000 for another parcel of land with a fair market value of $ 28,000 and $2,000 cash.
To Find :
What is Bud's recognized gain or loss.
Solution :
This is a transaction of like kind exchange.
So, gain or loss to be recognized is :

Therefore, option B) is correct.