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mixer [17]
3 years ago
14

The endosymbiotic theory _____.

Biology
2 answers:
11111nata11111 [884]3 years ago
5 0
2. The endosymbiotic theory suggests that a eukaryotic cell is the result of one prokaryotic cell eating another.
Free_Kalibri [48]3 years ago
4 0

The correct answer is 2. suggests that a prokaryote ate another prokaryote to produce eukaryotes.

Lynn Margulis (1960) put forward the endosymbiotic theory. The theory states that aerobic bacteria, a prokaryotes require oxygen were engulfed by anaerobic bacteria, also prokaryotes which are poisoned by oxygen. They live together as symbiotic partners for mutual benefits. The aerobic bacteria take care of the toxic oxygen for the anaerobic bacteria, in return the anaerobic bacteria would ingested food and protected the aerobic bacteria. Thus, a eukaryotic cell with a double-membrane bound organelle is formed. The inner lipid bilayer is of engulfed bacterial cell plasma membrane, and the outer lipid bilayer is of bacterial cell that engulfed it.

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Chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion are called
inna [77]

the answer is nutrient

6 0
3 years ago
Human blood types are characterized by the presence absence of surface markers known as a tigers on the surface of red blood cel
zalisa [80]

Answer:

characterized by presence or absence of antigens

the blood types are A, B, O, AB

Explanation:

There are two antigens and two antibodies that are mostly responsible for the ABO types.  The specific combination of these four components determines an individual's type in most cases. Erythrocytes and serum were related to the presence of antigens on these erythrocytes and antibodies in the serum. these antigens  are A and B, and depending upon which antigen the erythrocytes express, blood either belonged to blood group A or blood group B. A third blood group contained erythrocytes that reacted as if they lacked the properties of A and B, and this group was later called "O" blood group. The fourth blood group AB, was added to the ABO blood group system. These erythrocytes expressed both A and B antigens.

Blood group   Antigen present on RBC    Antibodies in serum    Genotype(s)

      A                        antigen A                             anti-B                     AA or AO

      B                        antigen B                             anti-A                     BB or BO

      AB              both A and B antigen                 none                         AB

      O                           none                           anti-A and anti-B           OO

4 0
3 years ago
g protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channels mediate depotentiation of long-term potentiation
Svetlanka [38]

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of  channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine  receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.

Learn more about receptors here:

brainly.com/question/11985070

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8 0
1 year ago
What were the two driving forces that drove the evolution in the variation of skin color
yarga [219]

Answer:

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Explanation:

Skin variation occurred thanks to evolution, and was driven as a consequence of the geographical location of different populations of humans.

The humans that lived in hot and sunny places, closer to the equator, where much more exposed to the sun's ultraviolet radiation. In order to survive the amount of UV lights that they were exposed to, new humans in those regions were being born with a darker skin tone, which was rich in melanin (a brown pigment that protects us from the sun radiation).

Contrary to these humans that lived in the tropical areas, the humans that populated the areas that were closer to the poles, developed much lighter skin as a result of lower amounts of melanin in their skin. Since sun exposure in the poles is very limited, humans needed to receive as much as they could for the production of Vitamin D, and thus, their skins got lighter and less protected.

8 0
3 years ago
A student preparing for a hike wants to pack a snack that has biomolecules that provide quickly available Energy but few excess
Valentin [98]

Answer:d

Explanation:

3 0
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