Both (b) and (c) are correct. Simpson's paradox is a paradox in which a trend that appears in different groups of data disappears when these groups are combined, and the reverse trend appears for the aggregate data. This result is often encountered in social-science and medical-science statistics, and is particularly confounding when frequency data are unduly given causal interpretations. Simpson's Paradox disappears when causal relations are brought into consideration.

Now, this question is an example of Simpsons paradox because the groups of collected data over a period of time from five major cities showed a trend that StatsAir does better overall, but this trend is reversed when the groups are studied separately to show that air median does better.

So, option B is correct.

Also, City is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association. That is it is the cause of why the 2 results are biased. Thus, city is a lurking variable.

So, option C is also correct

7 0

3 years ago

X+8(10x+25) how do u solve this

finlep [7]

You would need to distribute the 8 inside the parenthesis to get x+80x+200 then combine like terms to get 81x+200

6 0

3 years ago

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