Question

Most European and U.S. psychotherapies are based upon a(n) _____ cultural orientation rather than a(n) _____ cultural orientation.

Answer 1

Most European and U.S. psychotherapies are based upon an individualistic cultural orientation rather than a collectivistic cultural orientation. 
Generally,  Westerners are all about individualism and how each person should pursue his or her own happiness, regardless of what is good or bad for the entire society. This is quite the opposite of the Eastern cultures of China, Japan, etc. who are a collectivistic society, meaning that the group is what matters rather than the individual.