As electrons move along the chain, hydrogen ion are pumped from the stroma of the chloroplast into thylakoid lumen. these leads to creation of proton gradient in thylakoid lumen with the potential energy that will be used to synthesize ATP by enzyme ATPase in the process referred to as rotational catalysis. both chloroplast and mitochondria use electron transport chain to pump protons across the membrane and both enzyme ATPase to produce ATP using proton gradient created in the process of transport of hydrogen ions. the main existing between the electron transport chains of chloroplast and mitochondria is the initial source of energy. chloroplasts obtain their energy from sunlight whereas mitochondria obtain theirs from organic molecules.
Answer:
d. AAU CCG CAU UGG A
Explanation:
A mutation is any change or alteration to the sequence of a gene. There are, however, different types of mutation depending on how it occurs in the gene. One of these types is INSERTION MUTATION as mentioned in this question. Insertion mutation is a type of mutation in which one or more nucleotide base is added to the sequence, hence, changing the reading frame of the original sequence.
In this question, the original mRNA sequence is given as: AAU CCG CAU GGA.
An insertion mutation will cause nucleotide base(s) to be added to this sequence, which will be noticed by an increase in number of bases in the sequence.
The correct answer is: AAU CCG CAU UGG A. In this mutated sequence, nucleotide "U" has been added to the sequence.
As the world evolves, there is a change in the ecosystem, and with that comes the fluctuation. Organisms have have changing populations as they adapt, slowly die out, or thrive in the new ecosystem.
Yes because we're taking away from mother earth but at the same time
ATP is the energy coin of the cell. The hydrolysis of ATP releases energy which is used to carry out cellular functions.
- The cells use the cycle to recycle ADP and phosphate.
- The cross-bridge cycle of ATP involves its dephosphorylation, thereby producing Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
- The ATP cycle involves an exothermic reaction (hydrolysis) that releases energy, which is used for the cells to carry out their metabolic functions (e.g., growth, differentiation, etc).
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