A efffect of they city state could be the making the northen conline
The desire for trade with Asia encouraged exploration of the Americas because in order to do so they had to search for a trade route. While doing so they landed in the Americas which was like unclaimed land to them so they explored it in order to gain it as their territory. The more land you had control over the more powerful the country was.
For me
The more we review/study about a subject the higher the value of our advancement/advantage/grade..
