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iragen [17]
3 years ago
7

A balloon contains 2.3 mol of helium at 1.0 atm , initially at 240 ∘C. What's the initial volume? What's the volume after the ga

s cools at constant pressure to 14 ∘C? How much work does the gas do in this process?
Physics
1 answer:
pashok25 [27]3 years ago
5 0
A) initial volume
We can calculate the initial volume of the gas by using the ideal gas law:
p_i V_i = nRT_i
where
p_i=1.0 atm=1.01 \cdot 10^5 Pa is the initial pressure of the gas
V_i is the initial volume of the gas
n=2.3 mol is the number of moles
R=8.31 J/K mol is the gas constant
T_i=240^{\circ}C=513 K is the initial temperature of the gas

By re-arranging this equation, we can find V_i:
V_i =  \frac{nRT_i}{p_i} = \frac{(2.3 mol)(8.31 J/mol K)(513 K)}{1.01 \cdot 10^5 Pa}=0.097 m^3

2) Now the gas cools down to a temperature of
T_f = 14^{\circ}C=287 K
while the pressure is kept constant: p_f = p_i = 1.01 \cdot 10^5 Pa, so we can use again the ideal gas law to find the new volume of the gas
V_f =  \frac{nRT_f}{p_f}= \frac{(2.3 mol)(8.31 J/molK)(287 K)}{1.01 \cdot 10^5 Pa} = 0.054 m^3

3) In a process at constant pressure, the work done by the gas is equal to the product between the pressure and the difference of volume:
W=p \Delta V= p(V_f -V_i)
by using the data we found at point 1) and 2), we find
W=p(V_f -V_i)=(1.01 \cdot 10^5 Pa)(0.054 m^3-0.097 m^3)=-4343 J
where the negative sign means the work is done by the surrounding on the gas.
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