Its is already a balanced equation so the option a.1 would fill in for the blank.
Answer: teleconferencing
Explanation:
Using peer-to-peer collaboration will not work if the members work at many different locations.
While instant messaging may work, it can be hard to have a meeting this way.
Templates do not apply to this situation.
This leaves us with the answer of "teleconferencing" as you can have a meeting with people online, even when they are far apart.
He did not take in to account for wind currents and the fact that CO2 or the carbon stays in the air
I think the answer is oxygen, but not 100% sure