According to the theory of the invisible hand, when there is competition, self-interested decisions advance the society interests.
<h3>What is the invisible hand theory?</h3>
Adam Smith, a Scottish philosopher and economist, popularized the metaphor of the "invisible hand" to describe the processes by which positive social and economic consequences may result from the collective self-interested acts of individuals, none of whom intend to produce such outcomes.
<h3>How is Adam Smith's invisible hand idea still applicable today?</h3>
An important economic idea that is still relevant today is the invisible hand theory. It may provide insight into the operation of free markets and consumer behavior. Although the idea is significant, it is frequently applied in ways that are inconsistent with Smith's original text or out of context.
<h3>What exactly is the "invisible hand" and why is it significant?</h3>
The term "invisible hand" describes how an individual's self-interests help society as a whole. In other words, through pursuing the profit motive, individuals are required to offer commodities at a cost that others are prepared to pay. Society gains as a result since those goods might not have been created otherwise.
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Answer:
The benchmarking function of budgeting system involves the evaluation of performance of managers.
The correct answer is C
Explanation:
The integration of inputs from different business inputs and function is done at the planning stage of budgeting. It does not involve benchmarking.
Budgeting requires requires close cooperation between accountants and operational personnel. This is referred to as active participation in budgeting. It helps to overcome behavioural challenges of budgeting.
Budget figures are used to evaluate the performance of managers. This is a benchmarking function of budgeting because it involves the comparison of performance of managers with established criteria so as to determine their level of success.
The budget outlines a specific course of action for the coming year. This indicates that a budget is a financial plan that outlines future courses of action. This does not require benchmarking.
Answer:
The answer is: A) A creative work environment
Explanation:
Creative working environments usually enable employees to spend time creating different products, being unpredictable, testing different ideas, making mistakes, and innovating.
It's not easy for management to create such working environments, specially when innovation is not linear, is unpredictable and may be inefficient sometimes. But at the long run, innovative companies will tend to dominate their markets.
Answer: Option (A) is correct.
Explanation:
Correct Option: Normal profits because economic profits will attract new firms and there are no entry restrictions.
In a monopolistically competitive market, firms will earn an economic profit in the short run, so new firms attracted with these profits and decided to enter into the market in the long run.
There is no barriers on entry and exit of the firms in the monopolistically competitive market. When new firms enters into the market, as a result supply of differentiated products increases.
This causes the firm's market demand curve to shift leftwards. It will continue shifting to the left in the firm market demand curve till the point where it is nearly tangent to the average total cost curve.
At this point, firms earns zero normal profit and can earn normal profits in the long run same as a perfectly competitive firm.
