During the First World War (1914-1918), Hitler was a soldier in the German army. At the end of the war he, and many other German soldiers like him, could not get over the defeat of the German Empire. The German army command spread the myth that the army had not lost the war on the battlefield, but because they had been betrayed. By a ‘stab in the back’, as it was called at the time. Hitler bought into the myth: Jews and communists had betrayed the country and brought a left-wing government to power that had wanted to throw in the towel.
By blaming the Jews for the defeat, Hitler created a stereotypical enemy. In the 1920s and early 1930s, the defeated country was still in a major economic crisis. According to the Nazis, expelling the Jews was the solution to the problems in Germany.This political message and the promise to make Germany economically strong again won Hitler the elections in 1932. After he had come to power, the laws and measures against the Jews increased all the time. It ended in the Shoah, the Holocaust, the murder of six million European Jews.
<span>Peter was concerned that Russia was falling behind other European countries in terms of economics, the sciences, art & literature as well as trade and manufacturing (this has been a constant theme throughout Russian history).
Peter wanted to create a new city, built in the Western, European style to reflect Russia's new, Western looking thinking. It, St Petersburg, was designed to be an architectural marvel, a glittering city on the Baltic to rival Paris or Venice or Vienna. The problem with the previous capital, Moscow, was that it was, in Peter's mind, a provincial, Eastern looking city, full of eastern minded people - the Boyars - and dominated by the Orthodox Church. He stipulated what clothes people could wear - and how they could cut their hair & beards, again adopting Western, rather than Easyern styles. St Petersburg was build to attract architects, artists, writers, as well as to create the perfect place for manufacturing new products - it had a port with easy access to Helsinki, the Hansa ports of Germany, Stockholm, Copenhagen as well as the Dutch cities and, the heart of World trade - London. The city was also sited to act as a deterrent to Swedish designs on the Southern Baltic coast - Russian territory.
The Boyars were noble families, traditionally associated with Moscow, who had a great deal of autonomy and influence over state affairs. Many Tsars had had difficulties controlling them. </span>
I'm positive it was the Declaratory Act of 1766.