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Alina [70]
3 years ago
14

Distance runners include aerobic training as part of preparation for races. How does this impact their cellular respiration?

Biology
1 answer:
Misha Larkins [42]3 years ago
7 0

Answer and Explanation:

Running or jogging comes under the category of aerobic training/exercise. By definition, aerobic exercise means that the person is training her/his body in the presence of excessive oxygen. So, metabolically speaking, the person is relying on availability of oxygen to carry out metabolism which is mainly about production/supply of energy (ATP) by the breakdown of food in the presence of oxygen. This process is also known as cellular respiration. So, if a person is doing aerobic exercise (running), s/he needs more energy to keep doing the exercise. Typically, aerobic exercise produce more energy (32 molecules of ATP) as compared to anaerobic process (2 molecules of ATP) per reaction run. Thus, In the process of aerobic exercise, the lungs will respire faster to allow more diffusion of oxygen in the blood. Then, this oxygen will be transported to all body by heart pumping and then oxygen enters the cells. Once oxygen is entered, it acts as terminal electron acceptor in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This process takes plance in the mitochondria and produces 32 molecules of ATP per reaction.

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Consider a series of metabolic events during fasting. Within a few days after a fast begins, nitrogen excretion accelerates to a
timurjin [86]

Answer:

A series of events occur, in prolonged fasting; the body undergoes changes and adaptations of its metabolism to continue to meet energy needs and maintain vital functions, despite not receiving food

These changes are divided into three phases according to the elapsed days of fasting and according to the metabolic processes involved.

First phase: main consumption of reserve carbohydrates.

Second phase: main consumption of fats.

Third phase: serious consumption of proteins.

Explanation:

If the fast is prolonged in time, the metabolic processes change in their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, so that the energy products consumed (glucose, free fatty acids and ketone bodies) are modified, their oxidation decreases globally and after the initial depletion of hepatic and muscular glycogen and protein catabolism, the main source of glucose is the liver through gluconeogenesis. The substrates initially come from protein catabolism and lipolysis, but later protein destruction slows down, maximizing lipolysis.

Between the first phase and the second phase of the fast some muscle proteins are lost but not excessively, even with fasts of two or three weeks.

After about 2 weeks of fasting, up to two-thirds of the energy the brain needs is obtained from ketone bodies. These ketone bodies are the breakdown products of fats and are responsible for the typical ketone breath reminiscent of the smell of acid apples; urine also smells like ketone.

In this phase, damage begins to occur in some important organs such as the liver and kidneys. Starting the first week of fasting, acidosis affects the heart's function of the circulation and the brain.

In the third phase of the prolonged fast it happens from 3 weeks, that is, about twenty days without food, although it varies according to the constitution of each person. A peak of muscle protein consumption occurs and a great loss of weight begins to be perceived with great weakness. Edema occurs and albumin concentration in the blood is altered, as a sign of the self-digestion of muscle proteins.

From approximately 30 days of fasting, the state of malnutrition severely affects all body systems. After forty or fifty days the deterioration is noticeable due to physical wear, the person loses his mobility and suffers from unconsciousness. Finally, starvation death can occur from cardiorespiratory arrest or from lack of blood supply to the brain.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The diagram shows a model of an animal cell. Explain how you'd modify the model to show the structures in a
In-s [12.5K]
Hi where’s the diagram?
6 0
3 years ago
Hi can you please help. Brainliest and pts for correct answers.
bixtya [17]

Answer:

It has many predators in the ocean.

Explanation:

Animals adapt to their environment because of their predators.

7 0
3 years ago
A - DNA as the inheritance materials B - RNA as the inheritance materials C - The formation of organic molecules, e.g. nucleic a
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EXPLANATION:

There are 2 types of nucleic acids: DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA(ribonucleic acid).

Living organisms have their genetic material in their DNA. Viruses use RNA as their genetic material but are usually called non-living things( because they can't reproduce without help from a host).

The function of nucleic acids has a progression from DNA to RNA to proteins. This is called the central dogma of molecular biology.

Nucleic acids are formed by a linkage of polynucleotide chains with phosphodiester bonds. These polynucleotide chains are formed from monomers called NUCLEOTIDES.

A nucleotide is made up of 3 parts:

i) a nitrogenous base

ii) a five-carbon sugar

iii) at least one phosphate group.

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Why are shadows longer in the morning and evening?
Luden [163]

Answer:

Shadows are longest in the early morning and late afternoon/early evening when the sun appears low in the sky. As the Earth rotates on its axis, the sun hits each location in the morning at an angle. ... As Earth continues to spin toward sunset, the increasing angle causes shadows to lengthen!

Explanation:

Hope this helps! Have a good day!.....or not...its up to you- <3

4 0
3 years ago
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