Question

Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete befor submitting the answer.
Respiratory acidosis 1. ______ Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids.
Respiratory Alkalosis 2. _______ Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or narcotic overdose.
Metabolic acidosis 3. _______ Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack.
Metabolic Alkalosis 4. _______ Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes mellitus.

Answer 1

Answer:

Metabolic alkalosis: Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids.

Metabolic acidosis: Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes mellitus.

Respiratory acidosis: Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or narcotic overdose.

Respiratory alkalosis: Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack.

Explanation:

Respiratory acidosis is abnormally high levels of pCO2 (more than 45 mmHg) in the blood of systemic arteries and is caused by any conditions that result in a buildup of CO2 in blood by preventing its diffusion into the alveolar air. These conditions include emphysema, obesity, and overdose of narcotics.

Severe anxiety, asthma, and pneumonia stimulate the dorsal respiratory group of the brain stem which in turn leads to hyperventilation. The overall result is a drop of systemic arterial blood pCO2 below 35 mmHg, that is respiratory alkalosis.

Acute loss of HCO3- in diarrhea or accumulation of acid (other than carbonic acid) due to ketosis in diabetes mellitus leads to a severe drop of HCO3- levels in system arterial blood. The HCO3- level falls below 22 mEq/liter resulting in the drop of blood pH and metabolic acidosis.

Overdoses of alkaline drugs and excessive vomiting causing loss of gastric acid result in the increase of blood pH above the 7.45 and the condition are called metabolic alkalosis.