There's 39 chromosomes in the sperm cell. Why? Because sperm cells are gametes and therefore they are haploid cells meaning they have half the number of chromosomes of a regular cell or diploid cell.
78 / 2 = 39
Your answer is the peripheral proteins. Its on the inner or outer surface of the phospholipid bilayer, but not embedded in its hydrophobic core.
Since Australia is located in the Pacific ocean, extremes of weather and climate happen throughout a season. El Niño is traditionally defined as a dry climate with reduced rainfall; in this happens to be more extreme in Australia because of its location. La Niña on the other hand is traditionally defined as a wet or cool climate with lots of rainfall; and this is indifferent as La Niña in Australia tend to be more extreme too.
