Answer:
Nearly 12,500 women were transported to Van Diemen's Land, mostly for petty theft. This was roughly the same number as were sent to New South Wales. Two-thirds arrived after 1840, when transportation to New South Wales ceased. There were three phases of female transportation to Van Diemen's Land: exile or open prison (1803–13), assignment (1814–42), and probation (1843–53). In each, the numbers of convict women arriving in Van Diemen's Land increased, and they were subjected to more severe penal conditions.
From 1803 to 1813, about ninety convict women arrived. As the colonial population grew, so did the demand for female convict labour. Convict women were employed in domestic service, washing and on government farms, and were expected to find their own food and lodging. Punishment for those who transgressed was humiliating and public. Exile itself was considered a catalyst for reform. Economic and social opportunities allowed significantly improved circumstances for some convict women, while others struggled.
During the second period, from 1814 to 1842, just over 5400 female convicts arrived. In 1840, the number increased significantly when transportation to New South Wales ceased, and all female convicts were shipped to Van Diemen's Land. In this second period, transportation of convict women was characterised by the development of clearly articulated policies with an unequivocal economic and moral focus. Convict women were assigned as domestic labour, and were encouraged to reform though a system of rewards and indulgences, such as the ticket-of-leave, which permitted the holder to work for any employer for wages and to choose her own residence.
A - to pay off the debts from the French and Indian War
The British Parliment felt they had the right to tax the colonies to pay off their war debts they had incurred during the Seven Years' War.
The Ancient Greek and Roman philosophers influenced them through the idea of democracy and people governing through parliaments and assemblies, while the European Philosophers influenced them through the ideas of Social Contract and human rights and things like that. This was mostly from Locke and Hobbes.
a. The pattern of the confirmation votes for the nominees shows that most nominees favor the president's political inclinations and thoughts, while those whose nominations were not confirmed happened when the Senate majority did not come from the president's party.
There are <em>no noticeable </em>exceptions to the pattern of the confirmation votes, which tend to indicate that the party in the majority in the Senate usually confirms the nominees more than the party in the minority.
b. The confirmation votes have always followed a predictable pattern. When the president's political party aligns with the Senate majority party, most nominees are confirmed, sometimes without much debate.
Thus, we can conclude that the president's political party and the majority party in the Senate always influence the confirmation of the nominees or their rejection, as the case may be.
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Inflation and unemployment rose to their peaks by the end of the 1970s. This happened because the fiscal deficit was largely financed by the federal finances. Further, an energy crisis was being faced due to the increase in the price of crude oil. This led to overall inflation and economic instability.
