When they conflict with the public interest
Answer:
perceived control
Explanation:
Perceived control has important effects on people's physical and mental health as well as on workers' behavior. The effects of perceived control on worker behavior have been studied for many years and have shown concrete results in how satisfaction influences health.
Perceived control is an individual's belief about the amount of control available in a situation. When the individual feels that he can have some control over his environment, that individual can achieve sufficient levels of satisfaction that have the power to cause less stress and consequently good health.
Without perceived control, workers in lower status positions are much more likely to develop heart disease than those in high-status jobs. This is because these workers feel that they do not have control over their future over their working life.
Answer:
<em>Research </em>is a <em>process of generating new knowledge about a specific subject by acquiring new information, analyzing it and putting it into the framework of existing knowledge in order to make new conclusions.
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Let us take as an <u>example </u>the salient issue of electronic cigarettes. Being on the market in many countries for several years now, e-cigarettes have both their supporters and opposers. Some people <u>claim</u> that e-cigarettes is a good alternative to smoking tobacco and while they can be harmful they are less harmful than tobacco. Some people share an <u>opinion</u> that e-cigarettes are dangerous and should be banned.
Only <u>research </u>can educate both of these opinions with validated scientific outcomes. That is why so many institutions are currently running extensive research on the impact of e-cigarettes on human health. Until robust scientific data is collected, which takes a lot of time with subjects that are expected to have a long-term effect on human health, ideas in favor or against will prevail the agenda on this subject. Moreover, the lack of research can result in fear mongering <u>ideas</u> about e-cigarettes, or opposite to that, fashion to use e-cigarettes among people who were not smoking tobacco before.
Answer:
Knowledge.
Explanation:
The knowledge gap is defined as the difference between the customer’s expectations of the service provided and the company’s provision of the service. This usually means that managers are not aware or have not interpreted in a correct way the customer’s expectations in relation to the company’s services or products.
In a customer-orientated business (such as hotels) it is important to have a clear understanding of the consumer’s need for service.
In this example, <u>Marcia was expecting her room to be ready when she got to the hotel, the pool to be heated and the singer to be able to sing among other things. However, what the hotel had to offer was a non-ready room, a 50 degrees swimming pool and an untuned singer.</u>
<u>Thus, the difference between the expectations of Marcia and the service provided was very big</u> and therefore, we are talking about a severe knowledge gap.
