The problem centered around factories that used a new based technoloy.
Andrew carniege installed a lot of new inventions in order to increase the efficiency of his production. This ended up making a lot of skilled workers to lose their jobs/position in the industry and replaced with low skilled worker to operate the machinary.
It was a British parliamentary provision that required colonial authorities to supply food, drink, lodging, fuel, and transportation to British forces stationed in the colony's towns and villages during the colonial period