Let's say the dog jumps 100 feet every jump, (Yes, I know that it's illogical, but it makes this problem so much easier.) and that it jumps 1 time every second.
100 · 1 = 100, so Dog goes at 100 feet per second.
Cat jumps 5% shorter, so it is 95 feet per jump. However, it jumps 5% more than dog, so it jumps 1.05 times every second. You multiply.
95 · 1.05 = 99.75. So Cat goes at 99.75 feet per second.
100 > 99.75
Dog is going to win the race.
If we divide 360 by the number of sides, 16, we will get the measure of one of the 16 central angles. 360/16 = 22.5. The vertex angle of one of the triangles that makes up this 16-gon is 22.5. That means that each of the base angles measure 78.75. If we put 2 of these triangles next to each other, 2 sides touching, the bases of both those triangles meet to form an interior angle. Two base angles of 78.75 together form the interior angle: 78.75+78.75 = 157.5. An interior angle measures 157.5. The exterior angle then has to measure 180-157.5 which is 22.5, same as the vertex angle of 1 of the triangles that make up this 16-gon.
10r^9 is your answer. r^3x5r^2 = 5r^5. Take that and multiply it by 2r^4 and you get 10r^9
The area of the figure is 41 square feet. Hope this helps!