Answer:
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<span>It is process through which plants and other photoautotrophs generate carbohydrate and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water and light energy in chloroplast. It is two stage reaction-
1.Light dependent reaction- in this sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy and stored in the form of NADPH and ATP. It takes place in thylakoid membrane in chloroplast.
2.Light Independent Reaction- in this energized electrons from the light dependent reaction provides the energy to form carbohydrate from carbon dioxide molecules. It is known as Calvin cycle.</span>
PEA stands for Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar medium. It is a selective solid medium that is used to culture Gram Positive bacteria. In this medium, phenylethyl alcohol is an active ingredient that inhibits the growth of Gram Negative bacteria. It causes leakage in the cell membrane of Gram Negative bacteria. It is also used for the growth of obligate anaerobic bacteria.
Answer: Discriminative stimulus
Explanation:
A discriminative stimulus is associated with reinforcement or punishment, that exerts control over a particular form of behavior. The subject discriminates between closely related stimuli and elicits a specific behavior only in the presence of that stimulus. T<u>his stimulus increases the probability of a given response</u> because of their historical correlation with the availability of reinforcement for the response.
In this example, the hungry rat gets food if it presses a bar only when the light is on. The rat learns that is most likely to request this food in the future in the presence of this light, because historically, the request has been reinforced in the presence of this light. <u>The light in the example became a discriminative stimulus and it evokes the response.</u>
