The asthenosphere is weaker and less rigid than the overlying lithosphere.
<span>D) European exploration and colonization of the Americas, Africa, and Asia.</span>
This would be the north as back during the reconstruction era, the north (Tom Watson's group) wanted to be more efficient and industrialized.
Reference: Georgia Studies Unit 6 notes
The Philippines is at high risk from cyclones, earthquakes, floods, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and wildfires.