Answer;
High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.
Explanation;
-The electron transport chain sets up a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, with more protons outside the membrane.
-As a result of this gradient, the protons are waiting to get across the membrane. This happens through the transmembrane protein ATP synthase, which uses the energy moving protons through its pore to add a phosphate to ADP, thus producing ATP.
Answer:
D) infectious proteins with no associated nucleic acid.
Explanation:
I believe it is the ascending loop of henle. In the ascending portion, the loop becomes impermeable to water and instead the cells of the loop, actively reabsorb the solute; thus water is not reabsorbed but ions are readily reabsorbed. As the ions are reabsorbed the concentration becomes more and more hypotonic until it reaches 100-150 mOsm/L. Therefore, the ascending loop is called the diluting segment of the nephron due to its ability to dilute the fluid in the loop from 1200 to 100 mOsm/L.
<span>if you increase concentration of one side it will shift to the</span>gv
