Answer:
A- A pH change can cause the enzyme to change its shape
Explanation:
A rise or fall in the pH of the medium from the optimum of pH 7 usually affect the enzymes' active sites of and therefore the shape and the rate of enzyme activity.
Assuming the pH is too low, the enzyme medium becomes acidic;Acidosis. The high Hydrogen ions concentration interacts with the R-groups of the amino acids moiety of the enzymes, this interaction affects the ionization of the R-groups, disrupting the ionic bonding holding these R-groups in shape.
This results in loss of the 3-Dimensional shape arrangements of the protein molecule and therefore of the active sites. Since active sites of enzymes determines the specificity of the <u>enzymes substrate- complex </u> to give <u>enzyme-product complex,</u> the catalytic activity of the enzymes decreases, <u>the rate of reaction decreases,and products formation stops, and the reaction also stops.</u>
The same is applicable to extremely high pH=Alkalosis.
However, the effective buffer system of the body prevents this scenarios from happening in real sense in the body. Through mopping by the haemoglobin, excretion by the kidney, etc
Answer:
Alanine to lysine.
Explanation:
Mutation may be defined as the sudden, heritable change in the genome sequence of an organism. Two main types of mutation are chromosomal mutation and point mutation.
The mutation has occurred in which the arginine is replaced by alanine. The mutation that can restore to wild type is the conversion of alanine with lysine. Since both arginine and lysine are basic amino acids. They both shows almost similar function and the replacement of lysine with alanine shows the wild type activity.
Thus, the answer is alanine to lysine.
Autotrophs and Hetrotrophs