It would be the "Necessary and Proper Clause" that establishes many implied powers of Congress, since this allows Congress to do whatever is "necessary and proper" to keep the United States functioning.
The event you're describing is called the Ra pe of Nanking. It happened in 1937. Around 50,000 innocent Chinese people were killed by Japanese troops.
The. Freeemen's Bureau built school and trained teachers for former slaves.
The answer Is C. Thomas Jefferson
The pharaoh is Hatchepsut (spelled Hatshepsut as well). She ascended the throne when her husband died and his only heir was too young to rule, so Hatshepsut ruled along side him.